GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
|
Version 3, 29 June 2007
|
|
Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <http://fsf.org/>
|
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
|
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
|
|
Preamble
|
|
The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for
|
software and other kinds of works.
|
|
The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed
|
to take away your freedom to share and change the works. By contrast,
|
the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to
|
share and change all versions of a program--to make sure it remains free
|
software for all its users. We, the Free Software Foundation, use the
|
GNU General Public License for most of our software; it applies also to
|
any other work released this way by its authors. You can apply it to
|
your programs, too.
|
|
When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
|
price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
|
have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
|
them if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you
|
want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new
|
free programs, and that you know you can do these things.
|
|
To protect your rights, we need to prevent others from denying you
|
these rights or asking you to surrender the rights. Therefore, you have
|
certain responsibilities if you distribute copies of the software, or if
|
you modify it: responsibilities to respect the freedom of others.
|
|
For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
|
gratis or for a fee, you must pass on to the recipients the same
|
freedoms that you received. You must make sure that they, too, receive
|
or can get the source code. And you must show them these terms so they
|
know their rights.
|
|
Developers that use the GNU GPL protect your rights with two steps:
|
(1) assert copyright on the software, and (2) offer you this License
|
giving you legal permission to copy, distribute and/or modify it.
|
|
For the developers' and authors' protection, the GPL clearly explains
|
that there is no warranty for this free software. For both users' and
|
authors' sake, the GPL requires that modified versions be marked as
|
changed, so that their problems will not be attributed erroneously to
|
authors of previous versions.
|
|
Some devices are designed to deny users access to install or run
|
modified versions of the software inside them, although the manufacturer
|
can do so. This is fundamentally incompatible with the aim of
|
protecting users' freedom to change the software. The systematic
|
pattern of such abuse occurs in the area of products for individuals to
|
use, which is precisely where it is most unacceptable. Therefore, we
|
have designed this version of the GPL to prohibit the practice for those
|
products. If such problems arise substantially in other domains, we
|
stand ready to extend this provision to those domains in future versions
|
of the GPL, as needed to protect the freedom of users.
|
|
Finally, every program is threatened constantly by software patents.
|
States should not allow patents to restrict development and use of
|
software on general-purpose computers, but in those that do, we wish to
|
avoid the special danger that patents applied to a free program could
|
make it effectively proprietary. To prevent this, the GPL assures that
|
patents cannot be used to render the program non-free.
|
|
The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
|
modification follow.
|
|
TERMS AND CONDITIONS
|
|
0. Definitions.
|
|
"This License" refers to version 3 of the GNU General Public License.
|
|
"Copyright" also means copyright-like laws that apply to other kinds of
|
works, such as semiconductor masks.
|
|
"The Program" refers to any copyrightable work licensed under this
|
License. Each licensee is addressed as "you". "Licensees" and
|
"recipients" may be individuals or organizations.
|
|
To "modify" a work means to copy from or adapt all or part of the work
|
in a fashion requiring copyright permission, other than the making of an
|
exact copy. The resulting work is called a "modified version" of the
|
earlier work or a work "based on" the earlier work.
|
|
A "covered work" means either the unmodified Program or a work based
|
on the Program.
|
|
To "propagate" a work means to do anything with it that, without
|
permission, would make you directly or secondarily liable for
|
infringement under applicable copyright law, except executing it on a
|
computer or modifying a private copy. Propagation includes copying,
|
distribution (with or without modification), making available to the
|
public, and in some countries other activities as well.
|
|
To "convey" a work means any kind of propagation that enables other
|
parties to make or receive copies. Mere interaction with a user through
|
a computer network, with no transfer of a copy, is not conveying.
|
|
An interactive user interface displays "Appropriate Legal Notices"
|
to the extent that it includes a convenient and prominently visible
|
feature that (1) displays an appropriate copyright notice, and (2)
|
tells the user that there is no warranty for the work (except to the
|
extent that warranties are provided), that licensees may convey the
|
work under this License, and how to view a copy of this License. If
|
the interface presents a list of user commands or options, such as a
|
menu, a prominent item in the list meets this criterion.
|
|
1. Source Code.
|
|
The "source code" for a work means the preferred form of the work
|
for making modifications to it. "Object code" means any non-source
|
form of a work.
|
|
A "Standard Interface" means an interface that either is an official
|
standard defined by a recognized standards body, or, in the case of
|
interfaces specified for a particular programming language, one that
|
is widely used among developers working in that language.
|
|
The "System Libraries" of an executable work include anything, other
|
than the work as a whole, that (a) is included in the normal form of
|
packaging a Major Component, but which is not part of that Major
|
Component, and (b) serves only to enable use of the work with that
|
Major Component, or to implement a Standard Interface for which an
|
implementation is available to the public in source code form. A
|
"Major Component", in this context, means a major essential component
|
(kernel, window system, and so on) of the specific operating system
|
(if any) on which the executable work runs, or a compiler used to
|
produce the work, or an object code interpreter used to run it.
|
|
The "Corresponding Source" for a work in object code form means all
|
the source code needed to generate, install, and (for an executable
|
work) run the object code and to modify the work, including scripts to
|
control those activities. However, it does not include the work's
|
System Libraries, or general-purpose tools or generally available free
|
programs which are used unmodified in performing those activities but
|
which are not part of the work. For example, Corresponding Source
|
includes interface definition files associated with source files for
|
the work, and the source code for shared libraries and dynamically
|
linked subprograms that the work is specifically designed to require,
|
such as by intimate data communication or control flow between those
|
subprograms and other parts of the work.
|
|
The Corresponding Source need not include anything that users
|
can regenerate automatically from other parts of the Corresponding
|
Source.
|
|
The Corresponding Source for a work in source code form is that
|
same work.
|
|
2. Basic Permissions.
|
|
All rights granted under this License are granted for the term of
|
copyright on the Program, and are irrevocable provided the stated
|
conditions are met. This License explicitly affirms your unlimited
|
permission to run the unmodified Program. The output from running a
|
covered work is covered by this License only if the output, given its
|
content, constitutes a covered work. This License acknowledges your
|
rights of fair use or other equivalent, as provided by copyright law.
|
|
You may make, run and propagate covered works that you do not
|
convey, without conditions so long as your license otherwise remains
|
in force. You may convey covered works to others for the sole purpose
|
of having them make modifications exclusively for you, or provide you
|
with facilities for running those works, provided that you comply with
|
the terms of this License in conveying all material for which you do
|
not control copyright. Those thus making or running the covered works
|
for you must do so exclusively on your behalf, under your direction
|
and control, on terms that prohibit them from making any copies of
|
your copyrighted material outside their relationship with you.
|
|
Conveying under any other circumstances is permitted solely under
|
the conditions stated below. Sublicensing is not allowed; section 10
|
makes it unnecessary.
|
|
3. Protecting Users' Legal Rights From Anti-Circumvention Law.
|
|
No covered work shall be deemed part of an effective technological
|
measure under any applicable law fulfilling obligations under article
|
11 of the WIPO copyright treaty adopted on 20 December 1996, or
|
similar laws prohibiting or restricting circumvention of such
|
measures.
|
|
When you convey a covered work, you waive any legal power to forbid
|
circumvention of technological measures to the extent such circumvention
|
is effected by exercising rights under this License with respect to
|
the covered work, and you disclaim any intention to limit operation or
|
modification of the work as a means of enforcing, against the work's
|
users, your or third parties' legal rights to forbid circumvention of
|
technological measures.
|
|
4. Conveying Verbatim Copies.
|
|
You may convey verbatim copies of the Program's source code as you
|
receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously and
|
appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice;
|
keep intact all notices stating that this License and any
|
non-permissive terms added in accord with section 7 apply to the code;
|
keep intact all notices of the absence of any warranty; and give all
|
recipients a copy of this License along with the Program.
|
|
You may charge any price or no price for each copy that you convey,
|
and you may offer support or warranty protection for a fee.
|
|
5. Conveying Modified Source Versions.
|
|
You may convey a work based on the Program, or the modifications to
|
produce it from the Program, in the form of source code under the
|
terms of section 4, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
|
|
a) The work must carry prominent notices stating that you modified
|
it, and giving a relevant date.
|
|
b) The work must carry prominent notices stating that it is
|
released under this License and any conditions added under section
|
7. This requirement modifies the requirement in section 4 to
|
"keep intact all notices".
|
|
c) You must license the entire work, as a whole, under this
|
License to anyone who comes into possession of a copy. This
|
License will therefore apply, along with any applicable section 7
|
additional terms, to the whole of the work, and all its parts,
|
regardless of how they are packaged. This License gives no
|
permission to license the work in any other way, but it does not
|
invalidate such permission if you have separately received it.
|
|
d) If the work has interactive user interfaces, each must display
|
Appropriate Legal Notices; however, if the Program has interactive
|
interfaces that do not display Appropriate Legal Notices, your
|
work need not make them do so.
|
|
A compilation of a covered work with other separate and independent
|
works, which are not by their nature extensions of the covered work,
|
and which are not combined with it such as to form a larger program,
|
in or on a volume of a storage or distribution medium, is called an
|
"aggregate" if the compilation and its resulting copyright are not
|
used to limit the access or legal rights of the compilation's users
|
beyond what the individual works permit. Inclusion of a covered work
|
in an aggregate does not cause this License to apply to the other
|
parts of the aggregate.
|
|
6. Conveying Non-Source Forms.
|
|
You may convey a covered work in object code form under the terms
|
of sections 4 and 5, provided that you also convey the
|
machine-readable Corresponding Source under the terms of this License,
|
in one of these ways:
|
|
a) Convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical product
|
(including a physical distribution medium), accompanied by the
|
Corresponding Source fixed on a durable physical medium
|
customarily used for software interchange.
|
|
b) Convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical product
|
(including a physical distribution medium), accompanied by a
|
written offer, valid for at least three years and valid for as
|
long as you offer spare parts or customer support for that product
|
model, to give anyone who possesses the object code either (1) a
|
copy of the Corresponding Source for all the software in the
|
product that is covered by this License, on a durable physical
|
medium customarily used for software interchange, for a price no
|
more than your reasonable cost of physically performing this
|
conveying of source, or (2) access to copy the
|
Corresponding Source from a network server at no charge.
|
|
c) Convey individual copies of the object code with a copy of the
|
written offer to provide the Corresponding Source. This
|
alternative is allowed only occasionally and noncommercially, and
|
only if you received the object code with such an offer, in accord
|
with subsection 6b.
|
|
d) Convey the object code by offering access from a designated
|
place (gratis or for a charge), and offer equivalent access to the
|
Corresponding Source in the same way through the same place at no
|
further charge. You need not require recipients to copy the
|
Corresponding Source along with the object code. If the place to
|
copy the object code is a network server, the Corresponding Source
|
may be on a different server (operated by you or a third party)
|
that supports equivalent copying facilities, provided you maintain
|
clear directions next to the object code saying where to find the
|
Corresponding Source. Regardless of what server hosts the
|
Corresponding Source, you remain obligated to ensure that it is
|
available for as long as needed to satisfy these requirements.
|
|
e) Convey the object code using peer-to-peer transmission, provided
|
you inform other peers where the object code and Corresponding
|
Source of the work are being offered to the general public at no
|
charge under subsection 6d.
|
|
A separable portion of the object code, whose source code is excluded
|
from the Corresponding Source as a System Library, need not be
|
included in conveying the object code work.
|
|
A "User Product" is either (1) a "consumer product", which means any
|
tangible personal property which is normally used for personal, family,
|
or household purposes, or (2) anything designed or sold for incorporation
|
into a dwelling. In determining whether a product is a consumer product,
|
doubtful cases shall be resolved in favor of coverage. For a particular
|
product received by a particular user, "normally used" refers to a
|
typical or common use of that class of product, regardless of the status
|
of the particular user or of the way in which the particular user
|
actually uses, or expects or is expected to use, the product. A product
|
is a consumer product regardless of whether the product has substantial
|
commercial, industrial or non-consumer uses, unless such uses represent
|
the only significant mode of use of the product.
|
|
"Installation Information" for a User Product means any methods,
|
procedures, authorization keys, or other information required to install
|
and execute modified versions of a covered work in that User Product from
|
a modified version of its Corresponding Source. The information must
|
suffice to ensure that the continued functioning of the modified object
|
code is in no case prevented or interfered with solely because
|
modification has been made.
|
|
If you convey an object code work under this section in, or with, or
|
specifically for use in, a User Product, and the conveying occurs as
|
part of a transaction in which the right of possession and use of the
|
User Product is transferred to the recipient in perpetuity or for a
|
fixed term (regardless of how the transaction is characterized), the
|
Corresponding Source conveyed under this section must be accompanied
|
by the Installation Information. But this requirement does not apply
|
if neither you nor any third party retains the ability to install
|
modified object code on the User Product (for example, the work has
|
been installed in ROM).
|
|
The requirement to provide Installation Information does not include a
|
requirement to continue to provide support service, warranty, or updates
|
for a work that has been modified or installed by the recipient, or for
|
the User Product in which it has been modified or installed. Access to a
|
network may be denied when the modification itself materially and
|
adversely affects the operation of the network or violates the rules and
|
protocols for communication across the network.
|
|
Corresponding Source conveyed, and Installation Information provided,
|
in accord with this section must be in a format that is publicly
|
documented (and with an implementation available to the public in
|
source code form), and must require no special password or key for
|
unpacking, reading or copying.
|
|
7. Additional Terms.
|
|
"Additional permissions" are terms that supplement the terms of this
|
License by making exceptions from one or more of its conditions.
|
Additional permissions that are applicable to the entire Program shall
|
be treated as though they were included in this License, to the extent
|
that they are valid under applicable law. If additional permissions
|
apply only to part of the Program, that part may be used separately
|
under those permissions, but the entire Program remains governed by
|
this License without regard to the additional permissions.
|
|
When you convey a copy of a covered work, you may at your option
|
remove any additional permissions from that copy, or from any part of
|
it. (Additional permissions may be written to require their own
|
removal in certain cases when you modify the work.) You may place
|
additional permissions on material, added by you to a covered work,
|
for which you have or can give appropriate copyright permission.
|
|
Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, for material you
|
add to a covered work, you may (if authorized by the copyright holders of
|
that material) supplement the terms of this License with terms:
|
|
a) Disclaiming warranty or limiting liability differently from the
|
terms of sections 15 and 16 of this License; or
|
|
b) Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
|
author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
|
Notices displayed by works containing it; or
|
|
c) Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material, or
|
requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
|
reasonable ways as different from the original version; or
|
|
d) Limiting the use for publicity purposes of names of licensors or
|
authors of the material; or
|
|
e) Declining to grant rights under trademark law for use of some
|
trade names, trademarks, or service marks; or
|
|
f) Requiring indemnification of licensors and authors of that
|
material by anyone who conveys the material (or modified versions of
|
it) with contractual assumptions of liability to the recipient, for
|
any liability that these contractual assumptions directly impose on
|
those licensors and authors.
|
|
All other non-permissive additional terms are considered "further
|
restrictions" within the meaning of section 10. If the Program as you
|
received it, or any part of it, contains a notice stating that it is
|
governed by this License along with a term that is a further
|
restriction, you may remove that term. If a license document contains
|
a further restriction but permits relicensing or conveying under this
|
License, you may add to a covered work material governed by the terms
|
of that license document, provided that the further restriction does
|
not survive such relicensing or conveying.
|
|
If you add terms to a covered work in accord with this section, you
|
must place, in the relevant source files, a statement of the
|
additional terms that apply to those files, or a notice indicating
|
where to find the applicable terms.
|
|
Additional terms, permissive or non-permissive, may be stated in the
|
form of a separately written license, or stated as exceptions;
|
the above requirements apply either way.
|
|
8. Termination.
|
|
You may not propagate or modify a covered work except as expressly
|
provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to propagate or
|
modify it is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under
|
this License (including any patent licenses granted under the third
|
paragraph of section 11).
|
|
However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your
|
license from a particular copyright holder is reinstated (a)
|
provisionally, unless and until the copyright holder explicitly and
|
finally terminates your license, and (b) permanently, if the copyright
|
holder fails to notify you of the violation by some reasonable means
|
prior to 60 days after the cessation.
|
|
Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is
|
reinstated permanently if the copyright holder notifies you of the
|
violation by some reasonable means, this is the first time you have
|
received notice of violation of this License (for any work) from that
|
copyright holder, and you cure the violation prior to 30 days after
|
your receipt of the notice.
|
|
Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the
|
licenses of parties who have received copies or rights from you under
|
this License. If your rights have been terminated and not permanently
|
reinstated, you do not qualify to receive new licenses for the same
|
material under section 10.
|
|
9. Acceptance Not Required for Having Copies.
|
|
You are not required to accept this License in order to receive or
|
run a copy of the Program. Ancillary propagation of a covered work
|
occurring solely as a consequence of using peer-to-peer transmission
|
to receive a copy likewise does not require acceptance. However,
|
nothing other than this License grants you permission to propagate or
|
modify any covered work. These actions infringe copyright if you do
|
not accept this License. Therefore, by modifying or propagating a
|
covered work, you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so.
|
|
10. Automatic Licensing of Downstream Recipients.
|
|
Each time you convey a covered work, the recipient automatically
|
receives a license from the original licensors, to run, modify and
|
propagate that work, subject to this License. You are not responsible
|
for enforcing compliance by third parties with this License.
|
|
An "entity transaction" is a transaction transferring control of an
|
organization, or substantially all assets of one, or subdividing an
|
organization, or merging organizations. If propagation of a covered
|
work results from an entity transaction, each party to that
|
transaction who receives a copy of the work also receives whatever
|
licenses to the work the party's predecessor in interest had or could
|
give under the previous paragraph, plus a right to possession of the
|
Corresponding Source of the work from the predecessor in interest, if
|
the predecessor has it or can get it with reasonable efforts.
|
|
You may not impose any further restrictions on the exercise of the
|
rights granted or affirmed under this License. For example, you may
|
not impose a license fee, royalty, or other charge for exercise of
|
rights granted under this License, and you may not initiate litigation
|
(including a cross-claim or counterclaim in a lawsuit) alleging that
|
any patent claim is infringed by making, using, selling, offering for
|
sale, or importing the Program or any portion of it.
|
|
11. Patents.
|
|
A "contributor" is a copyright holder who authorizes use under this
|
License of the Program or a work on which the Program is based. The
|
work thus licensed is called the contributor's "contributor version".
|
|
A contributor's "essential patent claims" are all patent claims
|
owned or controlled by the contributor, whether already acquired or
|
hereafter acquired, that would be infringed by some manner, permitted
|
by this License, of making, using, or selling its contributor version,
|
but do not include claims that would be infringed only as a
|
consequence of further modification of the contributor version. For
|
purposes of this definition, "control" includes the right to grant
|
patent sublicenses in a manner consistent with the requirements of
|
this License.
|
|
Each contributor grants you a non-exclusive, worldwide, royalty-free
|
patent license under the contributor's essential patent claims, to
|
make, use, sell, offer for sale, import and otherwise run, modify and
|
propagate the contents of its contributor version.
|
|
In the following three paragraphs, a "patent license" is any express
|
agreement or commitment, however denominated, not to enforce a patent
|
(such as an express permission to practice a patent or covenant not to
|
sue for patent infringement). To "grant" such a patent license to a
|
party means to make such an agreement or commitment not to enforce a
|
patent against the party.
|
|
If you convey a covered work, knowingly relying on a patent license,
|
and the Corresponding Source of the work is not available for anyone
|
to copy, free of charge and under the terms of this License, through a
|
publicly available network server or other readily accessible means,
|
then you must either (1) cause the Corresponding Source to be so
|
available, or (2) arrange to deprive yourself of the benefit of the
|
patent license for this particular work, or (3) arrange, in a manner
|
consistent with the requirements of this License, to extend the patent
|
license to downstream recipients. "Knowingly relying" means you have
|
actual knowledge that, but for the patent license, your conveying the
|
covered work in a country, or your recipient's use of the covered work
|
in a country, would infringe one or more identifiable patents in that
|
country that you have reason to believe are valid.
|
|
If, pursuant to or in connection with a single transaction or
|
arrangement, you convey, or propagate by procuring conveyance of, a
|
covered work, and grant a patent license to some of the parties
|
receiving the covered work authorizing them to use, propagate, modify
|
or convey a specific copy of the covered work, then the patent license
|
you grant is automatically extended to all recipients of the covered
|
work and works based on it.
|
|
A patent license is "discriminatory" if it does not include within
|
the scope of its coverage, prohibits the exercise of, or is
|
conditioned on the non-exercise of one or more of the rights that are
|
specifically granted under this License. You may not convey a covered
|
work if you are a party to an arrangement with a third party that is
|
in the business of distributing software, under which you make payment
|
to the third party based on the extent of your activity of conveying
|
the work, and under which the third party grants, to any of the
|
parties who would receive the covered work from you, a discriminatory
|
patent license (a) in connection with copies of the covered work
|
conveyed by you (or copies made from those copies), or (b) primarily
|
for and in connection with specific products or compilations that
|
contain the covered work, unless you entered into that arrangement,
|
or that patent license was granted, prior to 28 March 2007.
|
|
Nothing in this License shall be construed as excluding or limiting
|
any implied license or other defenses to infringement that may
|
otherwise be available to you under applicable patent law.
|
|
12. No Surrender of Others' Freedom.
|
|
If conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
|
otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
|
excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot convey a
|
covered work so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
|
License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may
|
not convey it at all. For example, if you agree to terms that obligate you
|
to collect a royalty for further conveying from those to whom you convey
|
the Program, the only way you could satisfy both those terms and this
|
License would be to refrain entirely from conveying the Program.
|
|
13. Use with the GNU Affero General Public License.
|
|
Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have
|
permission to link or combine any covered work with a work licensed
|
under version 3 of the GNU Affero General Public License into a single
|
combined work, and to convey the resulting work. The terms of this
|
License will continue to apply to the part which is the covered work,
|
but the special requirements of the GNU Affero General Public License,
|
section 13, concerning interaction through a network will apply to the
|
combination as such.
|
|
14. Revised Versions of this License.
|
|
The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of
|
the GNU General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will
|
be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
|
address new problems or concerns.
|
|
Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the
|
Program specifies that a certain numbered version of the GNU General
|
Public License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the
|
option of following the terms and conditions either of that numbered
|
version or of any later version published by the Free Software
|
Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of the
|
GNU General Public License, you may choose any version ever published
|
by the Free Software Foundation.
|
|
If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future
|
versions of the GNU General Public License can be used, that proxy's
|
public statement of acceptance of a version permanently authorizes you
|
to choose that version for the Program.
|
|
Later license versions may give you additional or different
|
permissions. However, no additional obligations are imposed on any
|
author or copyright holder as a result of your choosing to follow a
|
later version.
|
|
15. Disclaimer of Warranty.
|
|
THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY
|
APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT
|
HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY
|
OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
|
THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
|
PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM
|
IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF
|
ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
|
|
16. Limitation of Liability.
|
|
IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
|
WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS
|
THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY
|
GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE
|
USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF
|
DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD
|
PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS),
|
EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
|
SUCH DAMAGES.
|
|
17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.
|
|
If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided
|
above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms,
|
reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates
|
an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the
|
Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a
|
copy of the Program in return for a fee.
|
|
END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
|
|
How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
|
|
If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
|
possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
|
free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
|
|
To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
|
to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
|
state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
|
the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
|
|
<one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
|
Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
|
|
This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
|
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
|
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
|
(at your option) any later version.
|
|
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
|
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
|
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
|
GNU General Public License for more details.
|
|
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
|
along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
|
|
Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
|
|
If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short
|
notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
|
|
<program> Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
|
This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
|
This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
|
under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
|
|
The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
|
parts of the General Public License. Of course, your program's commands
|
might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box".
|
|
You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
|
if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary.
|
For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see
|
<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
|
|
The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
|
into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you
|
may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with
|
the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
|
Public License instead of this License. But first, please read
|
<http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html>.
|
|
GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
|
Version 3, 29 June 2007
|
|
Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <http://fsf.org/>
|
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
|
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
|
|
|
This version of the GNU Lesser General Public License incorporates
|
the terms and conditions of version 3 of the GNU General Public
|
License, supplemented by the additional permissions listed below.
|
|
0. Additional Definitions.
|
|
As used herein, "this License" refers to version 3 of the GNU Lesser
|
General Public License, and the "GNU GPL" refers to version 3 of the GNU
|
General Public License.
|
|
"The Library" refers to a covered work governed by this License,
|
other than an Application or a Combined Work as defined below.
|
|
An "Application" is any work that makes use of an interface provided
|
by the Library, but which is not otherwise based on the Library.
|
Defining a subclass of a class defined by the Library is deemed a mode
|
of using an interface provided by the Library.
|
|
A "Combined Work" is a work produced by combining or linking an
|
Application with the Library. The particular version of the Library
|
with which the Combined Work was made is also called the "Linked
|
Version".
|
|
The "Minimal Corresponding Source" for a Combined Work means the
|
Corresponding Source for the Combined Work, excluding any source code
|
for portions of the Combined Work that, considered in isolation, are
|
based on the Application, and not on the Linked Version.
|
|
The "Corresponding Application Code" for a Combined Work means the
|
object code and/or source code for the Application, including any data
|
and utility programs needed for reproducing the Combined Work from the
|
Application, but excluding the System Libraries of the Combined Work.
|
|
1. Exception to Section 3 of the GNU GPL.
|
|
You may convey a covered work under sections 3 and 4 of this License
|
without being bound by section 3 of the GNU GPL.
|
|
2. Conveying Modified Versions.
|
|
If you modify a copy of the Library, and, in your modifications, a
|
facility refers to a function or data to be supplied by an Application
|
that uses the facility (other than as an argument passed when the
|
facility is invoked), then you may convey a copy of the modified
|
version:
|
|
a) under this License, provided that you make a good faith effort to
|
ensure that, in the event an Application does not supply the
|
function or data, the facility still operates, and performs
|
whatever part of its purpose remains meaningful, or
|
|
b) under the GNU GPL, with none of the additional permissions of
|
this License applicable to that copy.
|
|
3. Object Code Incorporating Material from Library Header Files.
|
|
The object code form of an Application may incorporate material from
|
a header file that is part of the Library. You may convey such object
|
code under terms of your choice, provided that, if the incorporated
|
material is not limited to numerical parameters, data structure
|
layouts and accessors, or small macros, inline functions and templates
|
(ten or fewer lines in length), you do both of the following:
|
|
a) Give prominent notice with each copy of the object code that the
|
Library is used in it and that the Library and its use are
|
covered by this License.
|
|
b) Accompany the object code with a copy of the GNU GPL and this license
|
document.
|
|
4. Combined Works.
|
|
You may convey a Combined Work under terms of your choice that,
|
taken together, effectively do not restrict modification of the
|
portions of the Library contained in the Combined Work and reverse
|
engineering for debugging such modifications, if you also do each of
|
the following:
|
|
a) Give prominent notice with each copy of the Combined Work that
|
the Library is used in it and that the Library and its use are
|
covered by this License.
|
|
b) Accompany the Combined Work with a copy of the GNU GPL and this license
|
document.
|
|
c) For a Combined Work that displays copyright notices during
|
execution, include the copyright notice for the Library among
|
these notices, as well as a reference directing the user to the
|
copies of the GNU GPL and this license document.
|
|
d) Do one of the following:
|
|
0) Convey the Minimal Corresponding Source under the terms of this
|
License, and the Corresponding Application Code in a form
|
suitable for, and under terms that permit, the user to
|
recombine or relink the Application with a modified version of
|
the Linked Version to produce a modified Combined Work, in the
|
manner specified by section 6 of the GNU GPL for conveying
|
Corresponding Source.
|
|
1) Use a suitable shared library mechanism for linking with the
|
Library. A suitable mechanism is one that (a) uses at run time
|
a copy of the Library already present on the user's computer
|
system, and (b) will operate properly with a modified version
|
of the Library that is interface-compatible with the Linked
|
Version.
|
|
e) Provide Installation Information, but only if you would otherwise
|
be required to provide such information under section 6 of the
|
GNU GPL, and only to the extent that such information is
|
necessary to install and execute a modified version of the
|
Combined Work produced by recombining or relinking the
|
Application with a modified version of the Linked Version. (If
|
you use option 4d0, the Installation Information must accompany
|
the Minimal Corresponding Source and Corresponding Application
|
Code. If you use option 4d1, you must provide the Installation
|
Information in the manner specified by section 6 of the GNU GPL
|
for conveying Corresponding Source.)
|
|
5. Combined Libraries.
|
|
You may place library facilities that are a work based on the
|
Library side by side in a single library together with other library
|
facilities that are not Applications and are not covered by this
|
License, and convey such a combined library under terms of your
|
choice, if you do both of the following:
|
|
a) Accompany the combined library with a copy of the same work based
|
on the Library, uncombined with any other library facilities,
|
conveyed under the terms of this License.
|
|
b) Give prominent notice with the combined library that part of it
|
is a work based on the Library, and explaining where to find the
|
accompanying uncombined form of the same work.
|
|
6. Revised Versions of the GNU Lesser General Public License.
|
|
The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
|
of the GNU Lesser General Public License from time to time. Such new
|
versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may
|
differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.
|
|
Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the
|
Library as you received it specifies that a certain numbered version
|
of the GNU Lesser General Public License "or any later version"
|
applies to it, you have the option of following the terms and
|
conditions either of that published version or of any later version
|
published by the Free Software Foundation. If the Library as you
|
received it does not specify a version number of the GNU Lesser
|
General Public License, you may choose any version of the GNU Lesser
|
General Public License ever published by the Free Software Foundation.
|
|
If the Library as you received it specifies that a proxy can decide
|
whether future versions of the GNU Lesser General Public License shall
|
apply, that proxy's public statement of acceptance of any version is
|
permanent authorization for you to choose that version for the
|
Library.
|
|
GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
|
Version 2, June 1991
|
|
Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
|
51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
|
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
|
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
|
|
Preamble
|
|
The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
|
freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public
|
License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free
|
software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This
|
General Public License applies to most of the Free Software
|
Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to
|
using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by
|
the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to
|
your programs, too.
|
|
When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
|
price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
|
have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
|
this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it
|
if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it
|
in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.
|
|
To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
|
anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.
|
These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you
|
distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.
|
|
For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
|
gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that
|
you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the
|
source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their
|
rights.
|
|
We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and
|
(2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy,
|
distribute and/or modify the software.
|
|
Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain
|
that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free
|
software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we
|
want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so
|
that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original
|
authors' reputations.
|
|
Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software
|
patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free
|
program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the
|
program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any
|
patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all.
|
|
The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
|
modification follow.
|
|
GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
|
TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
|
|
0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains
|
a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed
|
under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below,
|
refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program"
|
means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law:
|
that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it,
|
either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another
|
language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in
|
the term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as "you".
|
|
Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not
|
covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of
|
running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program
|
is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the
|
Program (independent of having been made by running the Program).
|
Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.
|
|
1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's
|
source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you
|
conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate
|
copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the
|
notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty;
|
and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License
|
along with the Program.
|
|
You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and
|
you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.
|
|
2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion
|
of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and
|
distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1
|
above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
|
|
a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices
|
stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.
|
|
b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in
|
whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any
|
part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third
|
parties under the terms of this License.
|
|
c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively
|
when run, you must cause it, when started running for such
|
interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an
|
announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a
|
notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide
|
a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under
|
these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this
|
License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but
|
does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on
|
the Program is not required to print an announcement.)
|
|
These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If
|
identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,
|
and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in
|
themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those
|
sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you
|
distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based
|
on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of
|
this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the
|
entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it.
|
|
Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest
|
your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to
|
exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or
|
collective works based on the Program.
|
|
In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program
|
with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of
|
a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under
|
the scope of this License.
|
|
3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it,
|
under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of
|
Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following:
|
|
a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable
|
source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections
|
1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or,
|
|
b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three
|
years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your
|
cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete
|
machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be
|
distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium
|
customarily used for software interchange; or,
|
|
c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer
|
to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is
|
allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you
|
received the program in object code or executable form with such
|
an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)
|
|
The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for
|
making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source
|
code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any
|
associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to
|
control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a
|
special exception, the source code distributed need not include
|
anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary
|
form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the
|
operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component
|
itself accompanies the executable.
|
|
If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering
|
access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent
|
access to copy the source code from the same place counts as
|
distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not
|
compelled to copy the source along with the object code.
|
|
4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program
|
except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt
|
otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is
|
void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
|
However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under
|
this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
|
parties remain in full compliance.
|
|
5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not
|
signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or
|
distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are
|
prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by
|
modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the
|
Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and
|
all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying
|
the Program or works based on it.
|
|
6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the
|
Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the
|
original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to
|
these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further
|
restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein.
|
You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to
|
this License.
|
|
7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent
|
infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),
|
conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
|
otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
|
excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot
|
distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
|
License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you
|
may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent
|
license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by
|
all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then
|
the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to
|
refrain entirely from distribution of the Program.
|
|
If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under
|
any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to
|
apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other
|
circumstances.
|
|
It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any
|
patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any
|
such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the
|
integrity of the free software distribution system, which is
|
implemented by public license practices. Many people have made
|
generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed
|
through that system in reliance on consistent application of that
|
system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing
|
to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot
|
impose that choice.
|
|
This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to
|
be a consequence of the rest of this License.
|
|
8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in
|
certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
|
original copyright holder who places the Program under this License
|
may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding
|
those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among
|
countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates
|
the limitation as if written in the body of this License.
|
|
9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
|
of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will
|
be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
|
address new problems or concerns.
|
|
Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program
|
specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any
|
later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions
|
either of that version or of any later version published by the Free
|
Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of
|
this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software
|
Foundation.
|
|
10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free
|
programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author
|
to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free
|
Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes
|
make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals
|
of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and
|
of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.
|
|
NO WARRANTY
|
|
11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY
|
FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN
|
OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES
|
PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED
|
OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
|
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS
|
TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE
|
PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING,
|
REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
|
|
12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
|
WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR
|
REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,
|
INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING
|
OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED
|
TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY
|
YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER
|
PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
|
POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
|
|
END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
|
|
How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
|
|
If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
|
possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
|
free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
|
|
To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
|
to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
|
convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
|
the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
|
|
<one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
|
Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
|
|
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
|
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
|
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
|
(at your option) any later version.
|
|
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
|
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
|
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
|
GNU General Public License for more details.
|
|
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
|
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
|
Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
|
|
|
Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
|
|
If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this
|
when it starts in an interactive mode:
|
|
Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author
|
Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
|
This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
|
under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
|
|
The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
|
parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may
|
be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be
|
mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program.
|
|
You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your
|
school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if
|
necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:
|
|
Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program
|
`Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.
|
|
<signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1989
|
Ty Coon, President of Vice
|
|
This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into
|
proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may
|
consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the
|
library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General
|
Public License instead of this License.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
GNU LIBRARY GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
|
Version 2, June 1991
|
|
Copyright (C) 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
|
51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA
|
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
|
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
|
|
[This is the first released version of the library GPL. It is
|
numbered 2 because it goes with version 2 of the ordinary GPL.]
|
|
Preamble
|
|
The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
|
freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public
|
Licenses are intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change
|
free software--to make sure the software is free for all its users.
|
|
This license, the Library General Public License, applies to some
|
specially designated Free Software Foundation software, and to any
|
other libraries whose authors decide to use it. You can use it for
|
your libraries, too.
|
|
When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
|
price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
|
have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
|
this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it
|
if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it
|
in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.
|
|
To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
|
anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.
|
These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if
|
you distribute copies of the library, or if you modify it.
|
|
For example, if you distribute copies of the library, whether gratis
|
or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that we gave
|
you. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source
|
code. If you link a program with the library, you must provide
|
complete object files to the recipients so that they can relink them
|
with the library, after making changes to the library and recompiling
|
it. And you must show them these terms so they know their rights.
|
|
Our method of protecting your rights has two steps: (1) copyright
|
the library, and (2) offer you this license which gives you legal
|
permission to copy, distribute and/or modify the library.
|
|
Also, for each distributor's protection, we want to make certain
|
that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free
|
library. If the library is modified by someone else and passed on, we
|
want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original
|
version, so that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on
|
the original authors' reputations.
|
|
Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software
|
patents. We wish to avoid the danger that companies distributing free
|
software will individually obtain patent licenses, thus in effect
|
transforming the program into proprietary software. To prevent this,
|
we have made it clear that any patent must be licensed for everyone's
|
free use or not licensed at all.
|
|
Most GNU software, including some libraries, is covered by the ordinary
|
GNU General Public License, which was designed for utility programs. This
|
license, the GNU Library General Public License, applies to certain
|
designated libraries. This license is quite different from the ordinary
|
one; be sure to read it in full, and don't assume that anything in it is
|
the same as in the ordinary license.
|
|
The reason we have a separate public license for some libraries is that
|
they blur the distinction we usually make between modifying or adding to a
|
program and simply using it. Linking a program with a library, without
|
changing the library, is in some sense simply using the library, and is
|
analogous to running a utility program or application program. However, in
|
a textual and legal sense, the linked executable is a combined work, a
|
derivative of the original library, and the ordinary General Public License
|
treats it as such.
|
|
Because of this blurred distinction, using the ordinary General
|
Public License for libraries did not effectively promote software
|
sharing, because most developers did not use the libraries. We
|
concluded that weaker conditions might promote sharing better.
|
|
However, unrestricted linking of non-free programs would deprive the
|
users of those programs of all benefit from the free status of the
|
libraries themselves. This Library General Public License is intended to
|
permit developers of non-free programs to use free libraries, while
|
preserving your freedom as a user of such programs to change the free
|
libraries that are incorporated in them. (We have not seen how to achieve
|
this as regards changes in header files, but we have achieved it as regards
|
changes in the actual functions of the Library.) The hope is that this
|
will lead to faster development of free libraries.
|
|
The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
|
modification follow. Pay close attention to the difference between a
|
"work based on the library" and a "work that uses the library". The
|
former contains code derived from the library, while the latter only
|
works together with the library.
|
|
Note that it is possible for a library to be covered by the ordinary
|
General Public License rather than by this special one.
|
|
GNU LIBRARY GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
|
TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
|
|
0. This License Agreement applies to any software library which
|
contains a notice placed by the copyright holder or other authorized
|
party saying it may be distributed under the terms of this Library
|
General Public License (also called "this License"). Each licensee is
|
addressed as "you".
|
|
A "library" means a collection of software functions and/or data
|
prepared so as to be conveniently linked with application programs
|
(which use some of those functions and data) to form executables.
|
|
The "Library", below, refers to any such software library or work
|
which has been distributed under these terms. A "work based on the
|
Library" means either the Library or any derivative work under
|
copyright law: that is to say, a work containing the Library or a
|
portion of it, either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated
|
straightforwardly into another language. (Hereinafter, translation is
|
included without limitation in the term "modification".)
|
|
"Source code" for a work means the preferred form of the work for
|
making modifications to it. For a library, complete source code means
|
all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any associated
|
interface definition files, plus the scripts used to control compilation
|
and installation of the library.
|
|
Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not
|
covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of
|
running a program using the Library is not restricted, and output from
|
such a program is covered only if its contents constitute a work based
|
on the Library (independent of the use of the Library in a tool for
|
writing it). Whether that is true depends on what the Library does
|
and what the program that uses the Library does.
|
|
1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Library's
|
complete source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that
|
you conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an
|
appropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact
|
all the notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any
|
warranty; and distribute a copy of this License along with the
|
Library.
|
|
You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy,
|
and you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a
|
fee.
|
|
2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Library or any portion
|
of it, thus forming a work based on the Library, and copy and
|
distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1
|
above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
|
|
a) The modified work must itself be a software library.
|
|
b) You must cause the files modified to carry prominent notices
|
stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.
|
|
c) You must cause the whole of the work to be licensed at no
|
charge to all third parties under the terms of this License.
|
|
d) If a facility in the modified Library refers to a function or a
|
table of data to be supplied by an application program that uses
|
the facility, other than as an argument passed when the facility
|
is invoked, then you must make a good faith effort to ensure that,
|
in the event an application does not supply such function or
|
table, the facility still operates, and performs whatever part of
|
its purpose remains meaningful.
|
|
(For example, a function in a library to compute square roots has
|
a purpose that is entirely well-defined independent of the
|
application. Therefore, Subsection 2d requires that any
|
application-supplied function or table used by this function must
|
be optional: if the application does not supply it, the square
|
root function must still compute square roots.)
|
|
These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If
|
identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Library,
|
and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in
|
themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those
|
sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you
|
distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based
|
on the Library, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of
|
this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the
|
entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote
|
it.
|
|
Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest
|
your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to
|
exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or
|
collective works based on the Library.
|
|
In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Library
|
with the Library (or with a work based on the Library) on a volume of
|
a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under
|
the scope of this License.
|
|
3. You may opt to apply the terms of the ordinary GNU General Public
|
License instead of this License to a given copy of the Library. To do
|
this, you must alter all the notices that refer to this License, so
|
that they refer to the ordinary GNU General Public License, version 2,
|
instead of to this License. (If a newer version than version 2 of the
|
ordinary GNU General Public License has appeared, then you can specify
|
that version instead if you wish.) Do not make any other change in
|
these notices.
|
|
Once this change is made in a given copy, it is irreversible for
|
that copy, so the ordinary GNU General Public License applies to all
|
subsequent copies and derivative works made from that copy.
|
|
This option is useful when you wish to copy part of the code of
|
the Library into a program that is not a library.
|
|
4. You may copy and distribute the Library (or a portion or
|
derivative of it, under Section 2) in object code or executable form
|
under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you accompany
|
it with the complete corresponding machine-readable source code, which
|
must be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a
|
medium customarily used for software interchange.
|
|
If distribution of object code is made by offering access to copy
|
from a designated place, then offering equivalent access to copy the
|
source code from the same place satisfies the requirement to
|
distribute the source code, even though third parties are not
|
compelled to copy the source along with the object code.
|
|
5. A program that contains no derivative of any portion of the
|
Library, but is designed to work with the Library by being compiled or
|
linked with it, is called a "work that uses the Library". Such a
|
work, in isolation, is not a derivative work of the Library, and
|
therefore falls outside the scope of this License.
|
|
However, linking a "work that uses the Library" with the Library
|
creates an executable that is a derivative of the Library (because it
|
contains portions of the Library), rather than a "work that uses the
|
library". The executable is therefore covered by this License.
|
Section 6 states terms for distribution of such executables.
|
|
When a "work that uses the Library" uses material from a header file
|
that is part of the Library, the object code for the work may be a
|
derivative work of the Library even though the source code is not.
|
Whether this is true is especially significant if the work can be
|
linked without the Library, or if the work is itself a library. The
|
threshold for this to be true is not precisely defined by law.
|
|
If such an object file uses only numerical parameters, data
|
structure layouts and accessors, and small macros and small inline
|
functions (ten lines or less in length), then the use of the object
|
file is unrestricted, regardless of whether it is legally a derivative
|
work. (Executables containing this object code plus portions of the
|
Library will still fall under Section 6.)
|
|
Otherwise, if the work is a derivative of the Library, you may
|
distribute the object code for the work under the terms of Section 6.
|
Any executables containing that work also fall under Section 6,
|
whether or not they are linked directly with the Library itself.
|
|
6. As an exception to the Sections above, you may also compile or
|
link a "work that uses the Library" with the Library to produce a
|
work containing portions of the Library, and distribute that work
|
under terms of your choice, provided that the terms permit
|
modification of the work for the customer's own use and reverse
|
engineering for debugging such modifications.
|
|
You must give prominent notice with each copy of the work that the
|
Library is used in it and that the Library and its use are covered by
|
this License. You must supply a copy of this License. If the work
|
during execution displays copyright notices, you must include the
|
copyright notice for the Library among them, as well as a reference
|
directing the user to the copy of this License. Also, you must do one
|
of these things:
|
|
a) Accompany the work with the complete corresponding
|
machine-readable source code for the Library including whatever
|
changes were used in the work (which must be distributed under
|
Sections 1 and 2 above); and, if the work is an executable linked
|
with the Library, with the complete machine-readable "work that
|
uses the Library", as object code and/or source code, so that the
|
user can modify the Library and then relink to produce a modified
|
executable containing the modified Library. (It is understood
|
that the user who changes the contents of definitions files in the
|
Library will not necessarily be able to recompile the application
|
to use the modified definitions.)
|
|
b) Accompany the work with a written offer, valid for at
|
least three years, to give the same user the materials
|
specified in Subsection 6a, above, for a charge no more
|
than the cost of performing this distribution.
|
|
c) If distribution of the work is made by offering access to copy
|
from a designated place, offer equivalent access to copy the above
|
specified materials from the same place.
|
|
d) Verify that the user has already received a copy of these
|
materials or that you have already sent this user a copy.
|
|
For an executable, the required form of the "work that uses the
|
Library" must include any data and utility programs needed for
|
reproducing the executable from it. However, as a special exception,
|
the source code distributed need not include anything that is normally
|
distributed (in either source or binary form) with the major
|
components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the operating system on
|
which the executable runs, unless that component itself accompanies
|
the executable.
|
|
It may happen that this requirement contradicts the license
|
restrictions of other proprietary libraries that do not normally
|
accompany the operating system. Such a contradiction means you cannot
|
use both them and the Library together in an executable that you
|
distribute.
|
|
7. You may place library facilities that are a work based on the
|
Library side-by-side in a single library together with other library
|
facilities not covered by this License, and distribute such a combined
|
library, provided that the separate distribution of the work based on
|
the Library and of the other library facilities is otherwise
|
permitted, and provided that you do these two things:
|
|
a) Accompany the combined library with a copy of the same work
|
based on the Library, uncombined with any other library
|
facilities. This must be distributed under the terms of the
|
Sections above.
|
|
b) Give prominent notice with the combined library of the fact
|
that part of it is a work based on the Library, and explaining
|
where to find the accompanying uncombined form of the same work.
|
|
8. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, link with, or distribute
|
the Library except as expressly provided under this License. Any
|
attempt otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense, link with, or
|
distribute the Library is void, and will automatically terminate your
|
rights under this License. However, parties who have received copies,
|
or rights, from you under this License will not have their licenses
|
terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance.
|
|
9. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not
|
signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or
|
distribute the Library or its derivative works. These actions are
|
prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by
|
modifying or distributing the Library (or any work based on the
|
Library), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and
|
all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying
|
the Library or works based on it.
|
|
10. Each time you redistribute the Library (or any work based on the
|
Library), the recipient automatically receives a license from the
|
original licensor to copy, distribute, link with or modify the Library
|
subject to these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further
|
restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein.
|
You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to
|
this License.
|
|
11. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent
|
infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),
|
conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
|
otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
|
excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot
|
distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
|
License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you
|
may not distribute the Library at all. For example, if a patent
|
license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Library by
|
all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then
|
the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to
|
refrain entirely from distribution of the Library.
|
|
If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under any
|
particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to apply,
|
and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other circumstances.
|
|
It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any
|
patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any
|
such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the
|
integrity of the free software distribution system which is
|
implemented by public license practices. Many people have made
|
generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed
|
through that system in reliance on consistent application of that
|
system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing
|
to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot
|
impose that choice.
|
|
This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to
|
be a consequence of the rest of this License.
|
|
12. If the distribution and/or use of the Library is restricted in
|
certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
|
original copyright holder who places the Library under this License may add
|
an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding those countries,
|
so that distribution is permitted only in or among countries not thus
|
excluded. In such case, this License incorporates the limitation as if
|
written in the body of this License.
|
|
13. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new
|
versions of the Library General Public License from time to time.
|
Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version,
|
but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.
|
|
Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Library
|
specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and
|
"any later version", you have the option of following the terms and
|
conditions either of that version or of any later version published by
|
the Free Software Foundation. If the Library does not specify a
|
license version number, you may choose any version ever published by
|
the Free Software Foundation.
|
|
14. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Library into other free
|
programs whose distribution conditions are incompatible with these,
|
write to the author to ask for permission. For software which is
|
copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation, write to the Free
|
Software Foundation; we sometimes make exceptions for this. Our
|
decision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free status
|
of all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing
|
and reuse of software generally.
|
|
NO WARRANTY
|
|
15. BECAUSE THE LIBRARY IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO
|
WARRANTY FOR THE LIBRARY, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW.
|
EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR
|
OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE LIBRARY "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY
|
KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
|
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
|
PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE
|
LIBRARY IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE LIBRARY PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME
|
THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
|
|
16. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN
|
WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY
|
AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE LIBRARY AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU
|
FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR
|
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE
|
LIBRARY (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING
|
RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A
|
FAILURE OF THE LIBRARY TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER SOFTWARE), EVEN IF
|
SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
|
DAMAGES.
|
|
END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
|
|
Appendix: How to Apply These Terms to Your New Libraries
|
|
If you develop a new library, and you want it to be of the greatest
|
possible use to the public, we recommend making it free software that
|
everyone can redistribute and change. You can do so by permitting
|
redistribution under these terms (or, alternatively, under the terms of the
|
ordinary General Public License).
|
|
To apply these terms, attach the following notices to the library. It is
|
safest to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
|
convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the
|
"copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
|
|
<one line to give the library's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
|
Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
|
|
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
|
modify it under the terms of the GNU Library General Public
|
License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
|
version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
|
|
This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
|
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
|
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
|
Library General Public License for more details.
|
|
You should have received a copy of the GNU Library General Public
|
License along with this library; if not, write to the Free
|
Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston,
|
MA 02110-1301, USA
|
|
Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
|
|
You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your
|
school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the library, if
|
necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:
|
|
Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the
|
library `Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random Hacker.
|
|
<signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1990
|
Ty Coon, President of Vice
|
|
That's all there is to it!
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
GNU Free Documentation License
|
Version 1.3, 3 November 2008
|
|
|
Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
|
<http://fsf.org/>
|
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
|
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
|
|
0. PREAMBLE
|
|
The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other
|
functional and useful document "free" in the sense of freedom: to
|
assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it,
|
with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially.
|
Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way
|
to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible
|
for modifications made by others.
|
|
This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative
|
works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It
|
complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft
|
license designed for free software.
|
|
We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free
|
software, because free software needs free documentation: a free
|
program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the
|
software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals;
|
it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or
|
whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License
|
principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference.
|
|
|
1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS
|
|
This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium, that
|
contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be
|
distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice grants a
|
world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use that
|
work under the conditions stated herein. The "Document", below,
|
refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a
|
licensee, and is addressed as "you". You accept the license if you
|
copy, modify or distribute the work in a way requiring permission
|
under copyright law.
|
|
A "Modified Version" of the Document means any work containing the
|
Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with
|
modifications and/or translated into another language.
|
|
A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or a front-matter section of
|
the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the
|
publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall
|
subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall
|
directly within that overall subject. (Thus, if the Document is in
|
part a textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain
|
any mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of historical
|
connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal,
|
commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding
|
them.
|
|
The "Invariant Sections" are certain Secondary Sections whose titles
|
are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice
|
that says that the Document is released under this License. If a
|
section does not fit the above definition of Secondary then it is not
|
allowed to be designated as Invariant. The Document may contain zero
|
Invariant Sections. If the Document does not identify any Invariant
|
Sections then there are none.
|
|
The "Cover Texts" are certain short passages of text that are listed,
|
as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that
|
the Document is released under this License. A Front-Cover Text may
|
be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may be at most 25 words.
|
|
A "Transparent" copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy,
|
represented in a format whose specification is available to the
|
general public, that is suitable for revising the document
|
straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of
|
pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available
|
drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or
|
for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input
|
to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file
|
format whose markup, or absence of markup, has been arranged to thwart
|
or discourage subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent.
|
An image format is not Transparent if used for any substantial amount
|
of text. A copy that is not "Transparent" is called "Opaque".
|
|
Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain
|
ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format, SGML
|
or XML using a publicly available DTD, and standard-conforming simple
|
HTML, PostScript or PDF designed for human modification. Examples of
|
transparent image formats include PNG, XCF and JPG. Opaque formats
|
include proprietary formats that can be read and edited only by
|
proprietary word processors, SGML or XML for which the DTD and/or
|
processing tools are not generally available, and the
|
machine-generated HTML, PostScript or PDF produced by some word
|
processors for output purposes only.
|
|
The "Title Page" means, for a printed book, the title page itself,
|
plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material
|
this License requires to appear in the title page. For works in
|
formats which do not have any title page as such, "Title Page" means
|
the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title,
|
preceding the beginning of the body of the text.
|
|
The "publisher" means any person or entity that distributes copies of
|
the Document to the public.
|
|
A section "Entitled XYZ" means a named subunit of the Document whose
|
title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses following
|
text that translates XYZ in another language. (Here XYZ stands for a
|
specific section name mentioned below, such as "Acknowledgements",
|
"Dedications", "Endorsements", or "History".) To "Preserve the Title"
|
of such a section when you modify the Document means that it remains a
|
section "Entitled XYZ" according to this definition.
|
|
The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice which
|
states that this License applies to the Document. These Warranty
|
Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in this
|
License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other
|
implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has
|
no effect on the meaning of this License.
|
|
2. VERBATIM COPYING
|
|
You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either
|
commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the
|
copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies
|
to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no
|
other conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use
|
technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further
|
copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept
|
compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough
|
number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3.
|
|
You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and
|
you may publicly display copies.
|
|
|
3. COPYING IN QUANTITY
|
|
If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly have
|
printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and the
|
Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the
|
copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover
|
Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on
|
the back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify
|
you as the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present
|
the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and
|
visible. You may add other material on the covers in addition.
|
Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve
|
the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated
|
as verbatim copying in other respects.
|
|
If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit
|
legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit
|
reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent
|
pages.
|
|
If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering
|
more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent
|
copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy
|
a computer-network location from which the general network-using
|
public has access to download using public-standard network protocols
|
a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material.
|
If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps,
|
when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure
|
that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated
|
location until at least one year after the last time you distribute an
|
Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that
|
edition to the public.
|
|
It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the
|
Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to
|
give them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the
|
Document.
|
|
|
4. MODIFICATIONS
|
|
You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under
|
the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release
|
the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified
|
Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution
|
and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy
|
of it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version:
|
|
A. Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct
|
from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions
|
(which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section
|
of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version
|
if the original publisher of that version gives permission.
|
B. List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities
|
responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified
|
Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the
|
Document (all of its principal authors, if it has fewer than five),
|
unless they release you from this requirement.
|
C. State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the
|
Modified Version, as the publisher.
|
D. Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.
|
E. Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications
|
adjacent to the other copyright notices.
|
F. Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice
|
giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the
|
terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below.
|
G. Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections
|
and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice.
|
H. Include an unaltered copy of this License.
|
I. Preserve the section Entitled "History", Preserve its Title, and add
|
to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and
|
publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If
|
there is no section Entitled "History" in the Document, create one
|
stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as
|
given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified
|
Version as stated in the previous sentence.
|
J. Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for
|
public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise
|
the network locations given in the Document for previous versions
|
it was based on. These may be placed in the "History" section.
|
You may omit a network location for a work that was published at
|
least four years before the Document itself, or if the original
|
publisher of the version it refers to gives permission.
|
K. For any section Entitled "Acknowledgements" or "Dedications",
|
Preserve the Title of the section, and preserve in the section all
|
the substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements
|
and/or dedications given therein.
|
L. Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document,
|
unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers
|
or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles.
|
M. Delete any section Entitled "Endorsements". Such a section
|
may not be included in the Modified Version.
|
N. Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled "Endorsements"
|
or to conflict in title with any Invariant Section.
|
O. Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers.
|
|
If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or
|
appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material
|
copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all
|
of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the
|
list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice.
|
These titles must be distinct from any other section titles.
|
|
You may add a section Entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains
|
nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various
|
parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text has
|
been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a
|
standard.
|
|
You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a
|
passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list
|
of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of
|
Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or
|
through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already
|
includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or
|
by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of,
|
you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit
|
permission from the previous publisher that added the old one.
|
|
The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License
|
give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or
|
imply endorsement of any Modified Version.
|
|
|
5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS
|
|
You may combine the Document with other documents released under this
|
License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified
|
versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the
|
Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and
|
list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its
|
license notice, and that you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers.
|
|
The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and
|
multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single
|
copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but
|
different contents, make the title of each such section unique by
|
adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original
|
author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number.
|
Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of
|
Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work.
|
|
In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled "History"
|
in the various original documents, forming one section Entitled
|
"History"; likewise combine any sections Entitled "Acknowledgements",
|
and any sections Entitled "Dedications". You must delete all sections
|
Entitled "Endorsements".
|
|
|
6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS
|
|
You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other
|
documents released under this License, and replace the individual
|
copies of this License in the various documents with a single copy
|
that is included in the collection, provided that you follow the rules
|
of this License for verbatim copying of each of the documents in all
|
other respects.
|
|
You may extract a single document from such a collection, and
|
distribute it individually under this License, provided you insert a
|
copy of this License into the extracted document, and follow this
|
License in all other respects regarding verbatim copying of that
|
document.
|
|
|
7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS
|
|
A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate
|
and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or
|
distribution medium, is called an "aggregate" if the copyright
|
resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights
|
of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit.
|
When the Document is included in an aggregate, this License does not
|
apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves
|
derivative works of the Document.
|
|
If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these
|
copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of
|
the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on
|
covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the
|
electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form.
|
Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole
|
aggregate.
|
|
|
8. TRANSLATION
|
|
Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may
|
distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4.
|
Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special
|
permission from their copyright holders, but you may include
|
translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the
|
original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a
|
translation of this License, and all the license notices in the
|
Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also include
|
the original English version of this License and the original versions
|
of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a disagreement between
|
the translation and the original version of this License or a notice
|
or disclaimer, the original version will prevail.
|
|
If a section in the Document is Entitled "Acknowledgements",
|
"Dedications", or "History", the requirement (section 4) to Preserve
|
its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual
|
title.
|
|
|
9. TERMINATION
|
|
You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document
|
except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt
|
otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute it is void, and
|
will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
|
|
However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your license
|
from a particular copyright holder is reinstated (a) provisionally,
|
unless and until the copyright holder explicitly and finally
|
terminates your license, and (b) permanently, if the copyright holder
|
fails to notify you of the violation by some reasonable means prior to
|
60 days after the cessation.
|
|
Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is
|
reinstated permanently if the copyright holder notifies you of the
|
violation by some reasonable means, this is the first time you have
|
received notice of violation of this License (for any work) from that
|
copyright holder, and you cure the violation prior to 30 days after
|
your receipt of the notice.
|
|
Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the
|
licenses of parties who have received copies or rights from you under
|
this License. If your rights have been terminated and not permanently
|
reinstated, receipt of a copy of some or all of the same material does
|
not give you any rights to use it.
|
|
|
10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE
|
|
The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of the
|
GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new versions
|
will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in
|
detail to address new problems or concerns. See
|
http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/.
|
|
Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number.
|
If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this
|
License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of
|
following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or
|
of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the
|
Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version
|
number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not
|
as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. If the Document
|
specifies that a proxy can decide which future versions of this
|
License can be used, that proxy's public statement of acceptance of a
|
version permanently authorizes you to choose that version for the
|
Document.
|
|
11. RELICENSING
|
|
"Massive Multiauthor Collaboration Site" (or "MMC Site") means any
|
World Wide Web server that publishes copyrightable works and also
|
provides prominent facilities for anybody to edit those works. A
|
public wiki that anybody can edit is an example of such a server. A
|
"Massive Multiauthor Collaboration" (or "MMC") contained in the site
|
means any set of copyrightable works thus published on the MMC site.
|
|
"CC-BY-SA" means the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0
|
license published by Creative Commons Corporation, a not-for-profit
|
corporation with a principal place of business in San Francisco,
|
California, as well as future copyleft versions of that license
|
published by that same organization.
|
|
"Incorporate" means to publish or republish a Document, in whole or in
|
part, as part of another Document.
|
|
An MMC is "eligible for relicensing" if it is licensed under this
|
License, and if all works that were first published under this License
|
somewhere other than this MMC, and subsequently incorporated in whole or
|
in part into the MMC, (1) had no cover texts or invariant sections, and
|
(2) were thus incorporated prior to November 1, 2008.
|
|
The operator of an MMC Site may republish an MMC contained in the site
|
under CC-BY-SA on the same site at any time before August 1, 2009,
|
provided the MMC is eligible for relicensing.
|
|
|
ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents
|
|
To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of
|
the License in the document and put the following copyright and
|
license notices just after the title page:
|
|
Copyright (c) YEAR YOUR NAME.
|
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
|
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3
|
or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
|
with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.
|
A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU
|
Free Documentation License".
|
|
If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts,
|
replace the "with...Texts." line with this:
|
|
with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with the
|
Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts being LIST.
|
|
If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other
|
combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the
|
situation.
|
|
If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we
|
recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of
|
free software license, such as the GNU General Public License,
|
to permit their use in free software.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
GNU Free Documentation License
|
Version 1.2, November 2002
|
Copyright (C) 2000,2001,2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
|
51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
|
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
|
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
|
0. PREAMBLE
|
The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other functional and useful document "free" in the sense of freedom: to assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially. Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible for modifications made by others.
|
This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft license designed for free software.
|
We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free software, because free software needs free documentation: a free program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference.
|
1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS
|
This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium, that contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice grants a world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use that work under the conditions stated herein. The "Document", below, refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a licensee, and is addressed as "you". You accept the license if you copy, modify or distribute the work in a way requiring permission under copyright law.
|
A "Modified Version" of the Document means any work containing the Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with modifications and/or translated into another language.
|
A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or a front-matter section of the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall directly within that overall subject. (Thus, if the Document is in part a textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain any mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of historical connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal, commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding them.
|
The "Invariant Sections" are certain Secondary Sections whose titles are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice that says that the Document is released under this License. If a section does not fit the above definition of Secondary then it is not allowed to be designated as Invariant. The Document may contain zero Invariant Sections. If the Document does not identify any Invariant Sections then there are none.
|
The "Cover Texts" are certain short passages of text that are listed, as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that the Document is released under this License. A Front-Cover Text may be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may be at most 25 words.
|
A "Transparent" copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy, represented in a format whose specification is available to the general public, that is suitable for revising the document straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file format whose markup, or absence of markup, has been arranged to thwart or discourage subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent. An image format is not Transparent if used for any substantial amount of text. A copy that is not "Transparent" is called "Opaque".
|
Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format, SGML or XML using a publicly available DTD, and standard-conforming simple HTML, PostScript or PDF designed for human modification. Examples of transparent image formats include PNG, XCF and JPG. Opaque formats include proprietary formats that can be read and edited only by proprietary word processors, SGML or XML for which the DTD and/or processing tools are not generally available, and the machine-generated HTML, PostScript or PDF produced by some word processors for output purposes only.
|
The "Title Page" means, for a printed book, the title page itself, plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material this License requires to appear in the title page. For works in formats which do not have any title page as such, "Title Page" means the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title, preceding the beginning of the body of the text.
|
A section "Entitled XYZ" means a named subunit of the Document whose title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses following text that translates XYZ in another language. (Here XYZ stands for a specific section name mentioned below, such as "Acknowledgements", "Dedications", "Endorsements", or "History".) To "Preserve the Title" of such a section when you modify the Document means that it remains a section "Entitled XYZ" according to this definition.
|
The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice which states that this License applies to the Document. These Warranty Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in this License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has no effect on the meaning of this License.
|
2. VERBATIM COPYING
|
You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3.
|
You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and you may publicly display copies.
|
3. COPYING IN QUANTITY
|
If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly have printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and the Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on the back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify you as the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and visible. You may add other material on the covers in addition. Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated as verbatim copying in other respects.
|
If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent pages.
|
If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy a computer-network location from which the general network-using public has access to download using public-standard network protocols a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material. If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated location until at least one year after the last time you distribute an Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that edition to the public.
|
It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document.
|
4. MODIFICATIONS
|
You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy of it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version:
|
A. Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions (which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version if the original publisher of that version gives permission.
|
B. List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the Document (all of its principal authors, if it has fewer than five), unless they release you from this requirement.
|
C. State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the Modified Version, as the publisher.
|
D. Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.
|
E. Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications adjacent to the other copyright notices.
|
F. Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below.
|
G. Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice.
|
H. Include an unaltered copy of this License.
|
I. Preserve the section Entitled "History", Preserve its Title, and add to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If there is no section Entitled "History" in the Document, create one stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified Version as stated in the previous sentence.
|
J. Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise the network locations given in the Document for previous versions it was based on. These may be placed in the "History" section. You may omit a network location for a work that was published at least four years before the Document itself, or if the original publisher of the version it refers to gives permission.
|
K. For any section Entitled "Acknowledgements" or "Dedications", Preserve the Title of the section, and preserve in the section all the substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements and/or dedications given therein.
|
L. Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document, unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles.
|
M. Delete any section Entitled "Endorsements". Such a section may not be included in the Modified Version.
|
N. Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled "Endorsements" or to conflict in title with any Invariant Section.
|
O. Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers.
|
If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice. These titles must be distinct from any other section titles.
|
You may add a section Entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text has been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a standard.
|
You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of, you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit permission from the previous publisher that added the old one.
|
The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or imply endorsement of any Modified Version.
|
5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS
|
You may combine the Document with other documents released under this License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its license notice, and that you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers.
|
The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but different contents, make the title of each such section unique by adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number. Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work.
|
In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled "History" in the various original documents, forming one section Entitled "History"; likewise combine any sections Entitled "Acknowledgements", and any sections Entitled "Dedications". You must delete all sections Entitled "Endorsements."
|
6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS
|
You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects.
|
You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document.
|
7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS
|
A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or distribution medium, is called an "aggregate" if the copyright resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit. When the Document is included in an aggregate, this License does not apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves derivative works of the Document.
|
If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form. Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole aggregate.
|
8. TRANSLATION
|
Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4. Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special permission from their copyright holders, but you may include translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a translation of this License, and all the license notices in the Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also include the original English version of this License and the original versions of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a disagreement between the translation and the original version of this License or a notice or disclaimer, the original version will prevail.
|
If a section in the Document is Entitled "Acknowledgements", "Dedications", or "History", the requirement (section 4) to Preserve its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual title.
|
9. TERMINATION
|
You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except as expressly provided for under this License. Any other attempt to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License. However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance.
|
10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE
|
The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/.
|
Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number. If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.
|
How to use this License for your documents
|
To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of the License in the document and put the following copyright and license notices just after the title page:
|
Copyright (c) YEAR YOUR NAME.
|
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
|
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2
|
or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
|
with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover
|
Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU
|
Free Documentation License".
|
If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts, replace the "with...Texts." line with this:
|
with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with the
|
Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts being LIST.
|
If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the situation.
|
If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of free software license, such as the GNU General Public License, to permit their use in free software.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
GNU Free Documentation License
|
Version 1.1, March 2000
|
Copyright (C) 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
|
51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
|
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
|
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
|
0. PREAMBLE
|
The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other written document "free" in the sense of freedom: to assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially. Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible for modifications made by others.
|
This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft license designed for free software.
|
We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free software, because free software needs free documentation: a free program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference.
|
1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS
|
This License applies to any manual or other work that contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be distributed under the terms of this License. The "Document", below, refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a licensee, and is addressed as "you".
|
A "Modified Version" of the Document means any work containing the Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with modifications and/or translated into another language.
|
A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or a front-matter section of the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall directly within that overall subject. (For example, if the Document is in part a textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain any mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of historical connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal, commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding them.
|
The "Invariant Sections" are certain Secondary Sections whose titles are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice that says that the Document is released under this License.
|
The "Cover Texts" are certain short passages of text that are listed, as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that the Document is released under this License.
|
A "Transparent" copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy, represented in a format whose specification is available to the general public, whose contents can be viewed and edited directly and straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file format whose markup has been designed to thwart or discourage subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent. A copy that is not "Transparent" is called "Opaque".
|
Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format, SGML or XML using a publicly available DTD, and standard-conforming simple HTML designed for human modification. Opaque formats include PostScript, PDF, proprietary formats that can be read and edited only by proprietary word processors, SGML or XML for which the DTD and/or processing tools are not generally available, and the machine-generated HTML produced by some word processors for output purposes only.
|
The "Title Page" means, for a printed book, the title page itself, plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material this License requires to appear in the title page. For works in formats which do not have any title page as such, "Title Page" means the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title, preceding the beginning of the body of the text.
|
2. VERBATIM COPYING
|
You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3.
|
You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and you may publicly display copies.
|
3. COPYING IN QUANTITY
|
If you publish printed copies of the Document numbering more than 100, and the Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on the back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify you as the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and visible. You may add other material on the covers in addition. Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated as verbatim copying in other respects.
|
If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent pages.
|
If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy a publicly-accessible computer-network location containing a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material, which the general network-using public has access to download anonymously at no charge using public-standard network protocols. If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated location until at least one year after the last time you distribute an Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that edition to the public.
|
It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document.
|
4. MODIFICATIONS
|
You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy of it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version:
|
A. Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions (which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version if the original publisher of that version gives permission.
|
B. List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the Document (all of its principal authors, if it has less than five).
|
C. State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the Modified Version, as the publisher.
|
D. Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.
|
E. Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications adjacent to the other copyright notices.
|
F. Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below.
|
G. Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice.
|
H. Include an unaltered copy of this License.
|
I. Preserve the section entitled "History", and its title, and add to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If there is no section entitled "History" in the Document, create one stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified Version as stated in the previous sentence.
|
J. Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise the network locations given in the Document for previous versions it was based on. These may be placed in the "History" section. You may omit a network location for a work that was published at least four years before the Document itself, or if the original publisher of the version it refers to gives permission.
|
K. In any section entitled "Acknowledgements" or "Dedications", preserve the section's title, and preserve in the section all the substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements and/or dedications given therein.
|
L. Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document, unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles.
|
M. Delete any section entitled "Endorsements". Such a section may not be included in the Modified Version.
|
N. Do not retitle any existing section as "Endorsements" or to conflict in title with any Invariant Section.
|
If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice. These titles must be distinct from any other section titles.
|
You may add a section entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text has been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a standard.
|
You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of, you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit permission from the previous publisher that added the old one.
|
The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or imply endorsement of any Modified Version.
|
5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS
|
You may combine the Document with other documents released under this License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its license notice.
|
The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but different contents, make the title of each such section unique by adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number. Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work.
|
In the combination, you must combine any sections entitled "History" in the various original documents, forming one section entitled "History"; likewise combine any sections entitled "Acknowledgements", and any sections entitled "Dedications". You must delete all sections entitled "Endorsements."
|
6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS
|
You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects.
|
You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document.
|
7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS
|
A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or distribution medium, does not as a whole count as a Modified Version of the Document, provided no compilation copyright is claimed for the compilation. Such a compilation is called an "aggregate", and this License does not apply to the other self-contained works thus compiled with the Document, on account of their being thus compiled, if they are not themselves derivative works of the Document.
|
If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one quarter of the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on covers that surround only the Document within the aggregate. Otherwise they must appear on covers around the whole aggregate.
|
8. TRANSLATION
|
Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4. Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special permission from their copyright holders, but you may include translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a translation of this License provided that you also include the original English version of this License. In case of a disagreement between the translation and the original English version of this License, the original English version will prevail.
|
9. TERMINATION
|
You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except as expressly provided for under this License. Any other attempt to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License. However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance.
|
10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE
|
The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/.
|
Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number. If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.
|
How to use this License for your documents
|
To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of the License in the document and put the following copyright and license notices just after the title page:
|
Copyright (c) YEAR YOUR NAME.
|
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
|
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1
|
or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
|
with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with the
|
Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts being LIST.
|
A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU
|
Free Documentation License".
|
If you have no Invariant Sections, write "with no Invariant Sections" instead of saying which ones are invariant. If you have no Front-Cover Texts, write "no Front-Cover Texts" instead of "Front-Cover Texts being LIST"; likewise for Back-Cover Texts.
|
If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of free software license, such as the GNU General Public License, to permit their use in free software.
|
